Wednesday, January 13, 2021

Studies in Daniel: The Coming Divine Kingdom (2:34-35, 44-45), and the Rewarding of Daniel (2:46-48)

 

vi. The STONE “cut out by no human hand” that becomes a Great Mountain (vv. 34-35, 44-45): the Divine Kingdom.



The Dream (2:34-35):

34"You continued looking until a stone was cut out without hands, and it struck the statue on its feet of iron and clay and crushed them. 35Then the iron, the clay, the bronze, the silver and the gold were crushed all at the same time and became like chaff from the summer threshing floors; and the wind carried them away so that not a trace of them was found. But the stone that struck the statue became a great mountain and filled the whole earth.”

 

The Interpretation (2:44-45):

44"In the days of those kings the God of heaven will set up a kingdom which will never be destroyed, and that kingdom will not be left for another people; it will crush and put an end to all these kingdoms, but it will itself endure forever. 45Inasmuch as you saw that a stone was cut out of the mountain without hands and that it crushed the iron, the bronze, the clay, the silver and the gold, the great God has made known to the king what will take place in the future; so the dream is true and its interpretation is trustworthy."

 

a. The Stone: our Lord Jesus Christ—and by extension, His Kingdom.

Familiar imagery for God and Christ (cf., Gen. 49:24; Deut. 32:4, 15, 18, 30-31; Ps. 18:2, 118:22; Isa. 8:13-15, 28:16; Matt. 21:44; Rom. 9:33; 1 Cor. 10:4; I Pet. 2:7-8).

 

Ps. 118:22-23: The stone which the builders rejected has become the chief corner stone. This is the LORD's doing; it is marvelous in our eyes.

 

Luke 20:17-18: But Jesus looked at them and said, "What then is this that is written: 'The stone which the builders rejected, this became the chief corner stone'? Everyone who falls on that stone will be broken to pieces; but on whomever it falls, it will scatter him like dust."

 

Unto national Israel, the stone is one that has been, and still is, a stone of stumbling and great offence…

 

Isa. 8:13-15: Sanctify the LORD of hosts himself; and let him be your fear, and let him be your dread. And he shall be for a sanctuary; but for a stone of stumbling and for a rock of offence to both the houses of Israel, for a gin and for a snare to the inhabitants of Jerusalem. And many among them shall stumble, and fall, and be broken, and be snared, and be taken.

 

Unto the Church, however, He is the sure Foundation—the chief Cornerstone…

 

I Pet. 2:6: For this is contained in Scripture: "Behold, I lay in Zion a choice stone, a precious corner stone, And he who believes in Him will not be disappointed."

 

Unto the unsaved nations, He is a grinding, destructive, smashing stone…

 

Matt. 21:44:  "And he who falls on this stone will be broken to pieces; but on whomever it falls, it will scatter him like dust."

Rev. 19:11: And I saw heaven opened, and behold, a white horse, and He who sat on it is called Faithful and True, and in righteousness He judges and wages war.

b. v. 34: “a stone was cut out without hands…

o   The Stone is cut out of the Mountain (v. 45). In both Hebrew & Gentile, the symbol of a Mountain connoted the Divine, as well as Kingly authority & dominion (e.g., Ziggurats, Pyramids, Pagodas, etc.). Jesus is the true Ziggurat—or Stairway to Heaven (John 1:51).

 

o   The Stone is of Divine origin—not human.

 

c. v.34: “it struck the statue on its feet…

o   NOT on its KNEES (cf., v. 44: “In the days of those kings”)! This total destruction is in concert with Jesus’ SECOND Coming, not the First Advent.

 

d. v. 35: “Then the iron, the clay, the bronze, the silver and the gold were crushed all at the same time…not a trace of them was found.

o   Recall that each of the Four Gentile Kingdoms absorbed vital elements (e.g., cultural, institutional, religious & philosophical) of the preceding Kingdoms.

 

o   The Divine Kingdom, in contrast, finds no continuity with the Kingdom of Man. No more absorbing, adapting, or modifying of the same worldly principles!

 

o   Humanistic power, culture, & philosophy will be utterly swept away. A clean slate!

 

o   The Fall of the Great Image is sudden and catastrophic—not the result of gradual and moderating influences, leading to its conversion.

Isa. 11:4: “And He will strike the earth with the rod of His mouth, and with the breath of His lips He will slay the wicked.”

Psalm 2:8-9: “Ask of Me, and I will surely give the nations as Your inheritance, and the very ends of the earth as Your possession. You shall break them with a rod of iron, You shall shatter them like earthenware.”

 

e. v. 35: “the stone…became a great mountain and filled the whole earth.”

Isa. 2:2: Now it will come about that in the last days the mountain of the house of the LORD will be established as the chief of the mountains, and will be raised above the hills; and all the nations will stream to it.” [cf., Micah 4:1]

 

o   The Stone’s influence becomes absolute & universal; a worldwide Kingdom.

Isa. 11:9: “They will not hurt or destroy in all My holy mountain, For the earth will be full of the knowledge of the LORD As the waters cover the sea.”

Rev. 11:15: “Then the seventh angel sounded; and there were loud voices in heaven, saying, "The kingdom of the world has become the kingdom of our Lord and of His Christ; and He will reign forever and ever."

o   The Stone comes from Heaven—and brings Heaven to Earth.

Rev. 21:3: "Behold, the tabernacle of God is among men, and He will dwell among them, and they shall be His people, and God Himself will be among them…”

 

f. v. 44: “In the days of those kings the God of heaven will set up a kingdom which will never be destroyed…”

o   The Divine Kingdom is Eternal—in contrast to the previous four Kingdoms.

o   The Divine Kingdom has two distinct phases: 1) the Mediatorial, 1,000 year Millennial Kingdom of Old Testament expectations, and 2) the Eternal New Heavens and New Earth. But the Divine Ruling Authority over both phases is the same!


g. Daniel’s concluding testimony (2:45b). “…so the dream is true and its interpretation is trustworthy."

Daniel speaks with full authority: The dream’s miraculous recovery makes the trustworthiness of the interpretation self-evident & self-authenticating (v. 47b).

 

4. THE AFTERMATH: Daniel is honored & rewarded (2:46-49).

v. 46: “Then King Nebuchadnezzar fell on his face and did homage to Daniel…”

 

a.    An amazing spectacle: the Head of Gold bows before a Hebrew captive!

Prov. 16:7: “When a man's ways are pleasing to the LORD, He makes even his enemies to be at peace with him.”

 

b.    Question: Did the King improperly render what constitutes worship unto Daniel? (cf., Acts 10:26, 14:11-15; Rev. 22:8-9). Authorities are divided.

 

                      i.        The Aramaic is inconclusive.

o   Bowing can either be an act of worship, or a gesture of respect.

o   The offerings (46b) may have been simply provided for Daniel to offer unto his God.

 

                    ii.        PRO: Nebuchadnezzar was an ignorant polytheist who would have had no problem adding even Daniel to his pantheon of gods! Bowing in such a manner is highly dramatic, and consistent with worship.

 

                   iii.        CON: Worship is inconsistent with this act…

o   Daniel offers no word of rebuke.

o   Daniel had already explained that he had no divine powers (v. 28).

o   The King immediately (v. 47) gives credit to the God of Heaven.

o   The act is not without parallel among vainglorious rulers.

o   Josephus records Alexander the Great bowing before the Jewish High Priest, in order to honor the God of Israel.

o   Nebuchadnezzar, similarly, may have been bowing to Daniel as the invisible God’s visible representative.

 

                   iv.        Foreshadows the final and ultimate triumph of the Stone!

Phil. 2:10: “…at the name of Jesus every knee will bow…”

 

v. 47: "Surely your God is a God of gods and a Lord of kings…”

Nebuchadnezzar’s “confession” a mixed matter: quite extraordinary—but deficient.

 

a.    Marvelous, and praiseworthy, that a vain foreign conqueror would bow in humility to the God of Israel!

b.    Particularly praiseworthy, in that the content of the message (the ultimate fall of his dynasty) was not to his liking!

c.    Nebuchadnezzar amazingly acknowledges the sovereignty of the God of a conquered people.

d.    On the other hand, this expression of “faith” stops short of a genuine conversion experience.

o   Nebuchadnezzar sadly remains a polytheist, willing to simply add a new deity to the pantheon.

o   In chapters 3 & 4, he reverts to his former vanity, disregarding the message of the vision…

2 Peter 2:22: It has happened to them according to the true proverb, "A dog returns to its own vomit," and, "A sow, after washing, returns to wallowing in the mire."

1 John 2:19: They went out from us, but they were not really of us; for if they had been of us, they would have remained with us; but they went out, so that it would be shown that they all are not of us.

 

o   A demonstration that people will often have a moving—but passing—“experience” that results in a quick trip down to the altar and a sinner’s prayer—but not in genuine conversion!

Matt. 7:21: "Not everyone who says to Me, 'Lord, Lord,' will enter the kingdom of heaven, but he who does the will of My Father who is in heaven will enter.”

 

o   Nonetheless, this incident does represent in an important first step for the King that apparently does result in genuine saving faith in his later years (4:37, 7:4).

 

v. 48: Then the king promoted Daniel and gave him many great gifts, and he made him ruler over the whole province of Babylon…

 

o   Much like Joseph under Pharaoh (Gen. 41:38-41):

Then Pharaoh said to his servants, "Can we find a man like this, in whom is a divine spirit?" So Pharaoh said to Joseph, "Since God has informed you of all this, there is no one so discerning and wise as you are. You shall be over my house, and according to your command all my people shall do homage; only in the throne I will be greater than you." Pharaoh said to Joseph, "See, I have set you over all the land of Egypt."

 

o   Daniel’s fame and honor becomes so great that only a decade later that his fellow exile, Ezekiel, holds him up before the nation as a proverbially wise man, in his sarcastic rebuke of the Prince of Tyre:

Ezek. 28:3: Behold, you are wiser than Daniel; there is no secret that is a match for you.

 

v. 49: And Daniel made request of the king, and he appointed Shadrach, Meshach and Abed-nego over the administration of the province of Babylon, while Daniel was at the king's court.

o   Daniel remembers his friends, partners in prayer and faith.

o   The elevation of these men sets the stage for the events of chapter three.

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